Laminates – a type of composites: plastics formed from the combination of two materials with different mechanical, physical and technological properties, in which the reinforcing component (so-called reinforcement) is arranged in the form of layers (Latin: lamina – thin sheet, plate – hence the name laminates), between which there is a filling, acting as a binder. Layers of reinforcement can be in the form of monofilaments arranged unidirectionally (known as roving), fabrics or chopped-fiber mats.
Laminate, due to its structure, has good strength in the fiber direction, but very poor strength in the direction perpendicular to the layers. A typical natural laminate is wood, in which the strong and resilient, though limp cellulose fibers are bonded into a rigid and resistant material by so-called lignin (spar) much less mechanically strong than cellulose.